TSA Citizenship Verification Requirements for Flight Training Providers

Many CFIs have questions about for what students a citizenship verification must be completed prior to beginning training.

The TSA has provided a great PDF document summarizing what is needed and how these requirements may affect you as a flight training provider or those for whom you provide training.

Click the graphic below to see a pdf document the TSA provided, “Flight Training Security Program – About the Regulation” to see some more details about this requirement and the regulation process relating to vetting of students who are U.S. citizens and for those who are non-U.S. citizens.

For CFIs who only provide training to U.S. citizens, the flight training provider must:

For most independent and contractor CFIs, the main application portions of this list include having a TSA provider account, validating your U.S. citizen training recipients documentation of citizenship (for 5 years), maintaining your initial and biennial security awareness training, and allowing the TSA to inspect and audit your records if requested.

These TSA Security Threat Assessments (citizenship validation and validation of training allowance for non-U.S. citizens is still required only for the following events:

    • Initial pilot certification (whether private, recreational, or a sport pilot certificate), which provides a pilot with basic piloting skills.
    • Instrument rating, which enhances a pilot’s abilities to pilot an aircraft in bad weather or at night and enables a pilot to better understand the instruments and physiological experiences of flying without reference to visual cues outside the aircraft.
    • Multi-engine rating, which provides a pilot with the skill to operate more complex, faster aircraft.
    • Type rating, which is a specific certification a pilot obtains to operate a certain type of aircraft, because this training is required beyond the initial, multi-engine, and instrument certification.
    • Recurrent training for type rating, which is required to maintain or renew a type rating already held by a pilot.

Other training events such as an addon sea-plane rating, commercial pilot training, CFI training, flight reviews, high performance, tailwheel or complex endorsements, add-on ratings or certificates, and other training outside this list do not require citizenship validation.

If you are working for a school or an FBO engaged in training as a more structured school, these requirements may be completed under a Security Coordinator for the school and tracked by school documentation processes. If you are providing independent instruction, you may need to conduct and track these efforts on your own. Be sure either this is the case or engage in doing so for yourself.

When you are up at 430am, and it’s flyable, go get night (morning version) current!

What else would you want to do at 430am and you are wide awake, you might as well go Stinson flying!

So that’s what I did, a little quick night currency.

With temps in the 20’s yet, it wasn’t even that cold yet for now.

It was a good opportunity before it starts snowing later today and doesn’t stop for a few days. Plus it will reset that night tailwheel currency until it is warmer and the plane doesn’t have to try to warm herself up in the cold winter weather! (and I don’t have to be cold flying it).

A gorgeous morning of flying, for the quick half hour I went. Then it was back to home for some coffee and breakfast before getting into the day.

Here are a couple pictures for your enjoyment if you are reading this!

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“Echoes of the Night”, a little [Kindle] novella. Free until Monday!

Echoes of the Night” is a little different than most of the writing I do, I had a dream and it spurred a story that centers around some aviation travel and a little adventure for the main characters.

I just thought I would share this little novella out there for your reading enjoyment if you choose to check it out!

It is on Kindle, and the best part, for the next three days it is free. I set a quick free deal to download it for those that catch do it now.

Hopefully, you will find it an entertaining little story that came out of my brain!

Click here to get it!

A little synopsis in case you are curious:

Echoes of the Night invites readers on an unforgettable general aviation adventure filled with wonder, discovery, and the timeless beauty of island life.

Oliver and Luna, a married couple feeling the impending chill of another Michigan winter, embark on an impromptu escape to the Caribbean. Equipped with their trusty Cessna 336 Skymaster, an aircraft symbolizing freedom and adventure, they pack up and take to the skies, craving the warmth and tranquility of sun-drenched beaches and azure waters.

The journey south offers breathtaking views, unpredictable weather, and a newfound sense of excitement as they island-hop their way across the Caribbean. They explore the winding waterways of the Caribbean islands, reveling in the freedom of traveling at their own pace. Yet, beyond the postcard-perfect scenes lie moments of true adventure, from navigating unexpected turbulence to discovering remote locations rarely seen by tourists.

​​​​​​​Their exploration takes a turn when they stumble upon an uncharted island that seems lost in time. The island, once a World War II outpost and later a haven for 1980s drug smugglers, holds remnants of its mysterious past. Here, Oliver and Luna encounter Maria, a warm and welcoming host, who invites them to stay at the island’s secluded and charming lodge. The island, however, has more stories to tell. Old military structures stand resilient against the elements, while rumors of the island’s past secrets whisper through the breeze.

Just as the couple begins to settle into the island’s rhythm of life—diving into underwater caves, savoring traditional Bahamian meals, and forming bonds with fellow travelers—nature disrupts their idyllic adventure.

“Echoes of the Night” is a vivid tapestry of adventure and self-discovery, capturing the essence of exploring the unknown and the beauty of embracing spontaneity. It is a celebration of the human spirit, a tribute to the camaraderie forged in the most unexpected places, and a reminder that every journey carries its own echoes—memories that linger long after the adventure has ended.

Total FAA Knowledge Test Volume Up in 2024; ATP Knowledge Tests Decrease Slightly

The FAA has released data on the volume of knowledge test delivery in 2024, including overall volume and for all the specific tests the FAA offers for certificates and ratings. This data set is always a little bit of an indicator on what we might see for last year’s airman certification efforts, and potentially a window into what we might expect to see in the upcoming year also as these tests are precursors to the next steps in certification.

With that intro, let’s look at a couple of highlights I noted quickly.

Overall Test Volume UP

When we look at overall test volume of all tests that the FAA offers, we again see the total volume of tests is up from the previous year. The chart below shows the huge spike that happened around 2019 as the FAA launched tests for unmanned aircraft systems and a new class of pilots was launched, but even after that initial dip the next year we are seeing overall test volume increasing year-to-year. continued strong pilot certification efforts are driving pilots to keep pushing through knowledge testing requirements and that keeps driving the overall number of tests up yearly in the past years.

It is worth noting that when we look at the overall knowledge test volume this includes everything from those ATP Canadian Helicopter Conversion tests (of which there were only 13 test takers) to the Unmanned Aircraft General – Small test (which included a much larger number of test takers, 67,576) and everything in between. Even those 6 Sport Pilot Gyroplane, 20 Recreational Pilot, and the 1,1375 Aircraft Dispatcher test takers to call out only a few of the tests. It also includes the 1,118 mechanics that took the Inspection Authorization test.

Most Primary Testing Knowledge Tests Volume Continue Increase

When we split out some of the specific tests that I track every year, specifically the Private Pilot Airplane, Instrument Rating Airplane, Commercial Pilot Airplane ATP (Single- and Multi-engine) Airplane, Flight Instructor Airplane, and Sport Pilot Airplane, we see that most of these have continued to trend upward.

This next chart shows each of these over the past few years, beginning in 2002 through this past year, 2024.

We do note that private pilot knowledge testing numbers didn’t increase at the same rate as recent years, and this might be an indicator of the system hitting maximum training capacity. It also might be an indicator or stabilizing entrant numbers for private pilot certification. From this particular data, I can’t tell you if it is either or both, but I suspect it has elements of both of those factors. We do see that Commercial Pilot, Instrument Rating, and CFI volumes continued to increase again. Sport pilot knowledge tests remain a very small portion of the test volume, a testament to the fact that this remains to be a small demand sector in aviation training. This may see some change in upcoming years if MOSAIC is finalized and sport pilots are eligible to fly a wider variety of aircraft; something we will watch if that change is finalized.

ATP Knowledge Tests Volume Decreases

A standout in the data points is that ATP knowledge test volume decreased in 2024 from 2023, and even dipped below the 2022 volume. As many airlines paused hiring, are in the process of restructuring routes, awaiting aircraft deliveries, and many other factors, it does seem that the demand for ATP knowledge testing did drop slightly. You can see the volume trend in the next chart.

In another post I made recently, How many ATP certificates in 2024?, I highlighted some of the trends specifically on ATP certificate issuance in 2024. Many of those who completed these certifications may have even completed their knowledge testing requirements back in 2023, so seeing a dip in 2024 ATP knowledge test volume seems to be an indicator we may see a slightly lower volume of final certificate completions in 2025 if that knowledge test volume doesn’t increase again.

All of these data points are just part of our picture of the training flow in our industry and the demands upon it, but they do help us see some trends. In the next few weeks we will see additional information including the airman certification data for 2024, and I will surely share that with you and some insights when it comes out and I have a bit to dig through it.

To see a more tabular representation of all of the data points used in this post, here is where it comes from in the following chart: